From 5a69105ec312efa0f266c050f87db2604e8ea2de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeremy Kaplan <jdkaplan@metagram.net>
Date: Tue, 20 Dec 2022 21:01:40 -0800
Subject: [PATCH] 2022 Day 20 Part 2

---
 2022/src/bin/day20.rs | 105 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 64 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)

diff --git a/2022/src/bin/day20.rs b/2022/src/bin/day20.rs
index c2fb39c..d8327a4 100644
--- a/2022/src/bin/day20.rs
+++ b/2022/src/bin/day20.rs
@@ -5,82 +5,105 @@ const INPUT: &str = include_str!("../../input/day20.txt");
 fn main() {
     let ciphertext = parse(INPUT);
 
-    let mixed = mix(ciphertext);
-    println!("{}", grove_hash(mixed));
+    println!("Part 1: {}", part1(ciphertext.clone()));
+    println!("Part 2: {}", part2(ciphertext));
 }
 
-fn parse(input: &str) -> Vec<i32> {
+fn parse(input: &str) -> Vec<i64> {
     aoc::lines(input).map(|s| s.parse().unwrap()).collect()
 }
 
-fn mix(ciphertext: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
+fn part1(ciphertext: Vec<i64>) -> i64 {
+    let mixed = mix(ciphertext, 1);
+    grove_hash(mixed)
+}
+
+fn part2(ciphertext: Vec<i64>) -> i64 {
+    let decryption_key: i64 = 811589153;
+    let keyed: Vec<i64> = ciphertext.iter().map(|&n| n * decryption_key).collect();
+
+    let mixed = mix(keyed, 10);
+    grove_hash(mixed)
+}
+
+fn mix(ciphertext: Vec<i64>, times: usize) -> Vec<i64> {
     let mut decrypter = Decrypter::new(&ciphertext);
 
-    for (i, &n) in ciphertext.iter().enumerate() {
-        decrypter.mv(i, n);
+    for _ in 0..times {
+        for (i, &n) in ciphertext.iter().enumerate() {
+            decrypter.mv(i, n);
+        }
     }
 
     decrypter.read()
 }
 
-fn grove_hash(msg: Vec<i32>) -> i32 {
+fn grove_hash(msg: Vec<i64>) -> i64 {
     let zero = msg.iter().position(|&n| n == 0).unwrap();
-    let get = |i: usize| -> i32 { msg[(i + zero) % msg.len()] };
+    let get = |i: usize| -> i64 { msg[(i + zero) % msg.len()] };
 
     get(1_000) + get(2_000) + get(3_000)
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct Decrypter {
-    message: Vec<i32>,
-    len: usize,
-
+    message: Vec<i64>,
     ptr: VecDeque<usize>,
+    len: usize,
+    ilen: i64,
 }
 
 impl Decrypter {
-    fn new(ciphertext: &Vec<i32>) -> Self {
+    fn new(ciphertext: &Vec<i64>) -> Self {
+        let len = ciphertext.len();
         Self {
             message: ciphertext.clone(),
-            ptr: (0..ciphertext.len()).collect(),
-            len: ciphertext.len(),
+            ptr: (0..len).collect(),
+            len,
+            ilen: len.try_into().unwrap(),
         }
     }
 
-    fn read(&self) -> Vec<i32> {
+    fn read(&self) -> Vec<i64> {
         self.ptr.iter().map(|&p| self.message[p]).collect()
     }
 
-    fn mv(&mut self, i: usize, n: i32) {
-        let mut p = self.ptr.iter().position(|&p| p == i).unwrap();
+    fn mv(&mut self, i: usize, n: i64) {
+        let p = self.ptr.iter().position(|&p| p == i).unwrap();
+
         if n >= 0 {
-            for _ in 1..=n {
-                let q = (p + 1) % self.len;
-                self.ptr.swap(p, q);
+            // [a, b, c, i, x, y, z]
+            self.ptr.rotate_left(p);
+            // [i, x, y, z, a, b, c]
 
-                if q == 0 {
-                    // Swapped off the end, fix.
-                    let extra = self.ptr.pop_back().unwrap();
-                    self.ptr.push_front(extra);
-                    p = 1;
-                } else {
-                    p = q;
-                }
-            }
+            let m = self.ptr.pop_front().unwrap();
+            // i | [x, y, z, a, b, c]
+            assert_eq!(i, m);
+
+            let n = delta(n, self.ilen);
+            self.ptr.rotate_left(n);
+            self.ptr.push_front(m);
         } else {
-            for _ in 1..=(-n) {
-                let q = (p + self.len - 1) % self.len;
-                self.ptr.swap(p, q);
+            // [a, b, c, i, x, y, z]
+            self.ptr.rotate_right(self.len - p - 1);
+            // [x, y, z, a, b, c, i]
 
-                if q == 0 {
-                    // Swapped off the end, fix.
-                    let extra = self.ptr.pop_front().unwrap();
-                    self.ptr.push_back(extra);
-                    p = self.len - 1;
-                } else {
-                    p = q
-                }
-            }
+            let m = self.ptr.pop_back().unwrap();
+            // [x, y, z, a, b, c] | i
+            assert_eq!(i, m);
+
+            let n = delta(n, self.ilen);
+            self.ptr.rotate_right(n);
+            self.ptr.push_back(m);
         }
     }
 }
+
+fn delta(n: i64, len: i64) -> usize {
+    let n = n.abs();
+    // It takes n-1 swaps to get back to where we started, so treat these as extra "hops" over the
+    // original position.
+    let skips = n / (len - 1);
+    let extra = n % len;
+    ((skips + extra) % len).try_into().unwrap()
+}